#include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; #ifdef LOCAL #include "debug.h" #else #define debug(...) #endif #define x first #define y second #define ir(a, x, b) ((a) <= (x) && (x) <= (b)) #define vec vector #define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i < (b); ++i) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() using ll = long long; const int _N = int(5e5)+20, K = 20; int N; vec<array<int, 2>> g; int bj[K][2][_N]; vec<int> ct; vec<pair<int, int>> coords; const int MOD = int(1e9)+7; struct mint { int value; mint(long long v = 0) { value = v % MOD; if (value < 0) value += MOD;} mint(long long a, long long b) : value(0){ *this += a; *this /= b;} mint& operator+=(mint const& b) {value += b.value; if (value >= MOD) value -= MOD; return *this;} mint& operator-=(mint const& b) {value -= b.value; if (value < 0) value += MOD;return *this;} mint& operator*=(mint const& b) {value = (long long)value * b.value % MOD;return *this;} friend mint mexp(mint a, long long e) { mint res = 1; while (e) { if (e&1) res *= a; a *= a; e >>= 1; } return res; } friend mint inverse(mint a) { return mexp(a, MOD - 2); } mint& operator/=(mint const& b) { return *this *= inverse(b); } friend mint operator+(mint a, mint const b) { return a += b; } friend mint operator-(mint a, mint const b) { return a -= b; } friend mint operator-(mint const a) { return 0 - a; } friend mint operator*(mint a, mint const b) { return a *= b; } friend mint operator/(mint a, mint const b) { return a /= b; } friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, mint const& a) {return os << a.value;} friend bool operator==(mint const& a, mint const& b) {return a.value == b.value;} friend bool operator!=(mint const& a, mint const& b) {return a.value != b.value;} }; // #define TEST void graph() { vec<pair<int, pair<int, bool>>> events; events.reserve(2*N); coords[0] = {-1, 2*N+1}; #ifdef TEST mt19937 gen; vec<int> perm(2*N); iota(all(perm), 1); shuffle(all(perm), gen); // debug(perm); #endif rep (i, 1, N) { int a, b; #ifdef TEST a = perm[2*i-2], b = perm[2*i-1]; if (a > b) swap(a, b); #else cin >> a >> b; #endif coords[i] = {a, b}; events.push_back({a, {i, true}}); events.push_back({b, {i, false}}); } sort(all(events)); set<int> broom; broom.insert(0); // add ground for (auto [_, data] : events) { // debug(data, broom); auto [i, add] = data; auto it = broom.lower_bound(i); auto it2 = it; it2--; // to avoid duplicates, we check that the other child (the first child) of i isn't *it g[i][!add] = *it2; // add child if (add) broom.insert(it, i); else broom.erase(it); } debug(g); } int jumpto(int v, bool b, int i) { // jumps to the lowest platform of height >= i // assert(v >= i); for (int k = K-1; k >= 0; --k) { if (bj[k][b][v] >= i) { v = bj[k][b][v]; } if (v == i) return v; } return v; } int findmeet(int vl, int vr) { // vl jumps right, vr jumps left // for (int k = K-1; k >= 0; --k) { // if (coords[bj[k][1][vl]].y < coords[bj[k][0][vr]].x) { // vl = bj[k][1][vl]; // vr = bj[k][0][vr]; // v = bj[k][b][v]; // } // } int l = 0, r = min(vl, vr)+1; while (l+1 < r) { int m = (l+r)/2; debug(l, m, r); int _t0, _t1; if (coords[_t0 = jumpto(vl, 1, m)].y < coords[_t1 = jumpto(vr, 0, m)].x) { r = m; } else { l = m; } // if (_t0 == _t1) return _t0; debug(_t0, coords[_t0]); debug(_t1, coords[_t1]); } return l; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); #ifdef TEST N = 500000; ++N; // N = 10; ++N; #else cin >> N; ++N; // n will be artificial node - the ground #endif g.resize(N); ct.assign(N, 1); coords.resize(N); graph(); // topo sort - do not reverse for now rep (v, 0, N) { bj[0][0][v] = g[v][0]; bj[0][1][v] = g[v][1]; rep (b, 0, 2) rep (k, 1, K) { if (bj[k-1][b][v] == 0) break; bj[k][b][v] = bj[k-1][b][bj[k-1][b][v]]; } // #ifdef LOCAL // rep (b, 0, 2) { // debug(v, b); // rep (k, 0, K) { // cout << bj[k][b][v] << " "; // } // cout << "\n"; // } // #endif } mint s = 0; for (int v = N-1; v > 0; --v) { int l = g[v][0], r = g[v][1]; ct[l] += ct[v]; ct[r] += ct[v]; int meet = findmeet(l, r); debug(v, l, r, meet, ct[v]); ct[meet] -= ct[v]; // s += mint(1); s += mint(1)/ct[v]; } debug(ct); cout << s << "\n"; return 0; }
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 | #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; #ifdef LOCAL #include "debug.h" #else #define debug(...) #endif #define x first #define y second #define ir(a, x, b) ((a) <= (x) && (x) <= (b)) #define vec vector #define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i < (b); ++i) #define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end() using ll = long long; const int _N = int(5e5)+20, K = 20; int N; vec<array<int, 2>> g; int bj[K][2][_N]; vec<int> ct; vec<pair<int, int>> coords; const int MOD = int(1e9)+7; struct mint { int value; mint(long long v = 0) { value = v % MOD; if (value < 0) value += MOD;} mint(long long a, long long b) : value(0){ *this += a; *this /= b;} mint& operator+=(mint const& b) {value += b.value; if (value >= MOD) value -= MOD; return *this;} mint& operator-=(mint const& b) {value -= b.value; if (value < 0) value += MOD;return *this;} mint& operator*=(mint const& b) {value = (long long)value * b.value % MOD;return *this;} friend mint mexp(mint a, long long e) { mint res = 1; while (e) { if (e&1) res *= a; a *= a; e >>= 1; } return res; } friend mint inverse(mint a) { return mexp(a, MOD - 2); } mint& operator/=(mint const& b) { return *this *= inverse(b); } friend mint operator+(mint a, mint const b) { return a += b; } friend mint operator-(mint a, mint const b) { return a -= b; } friend mint operator-(mint const a) { return 0 - a; } friend mint operator*(mint a, mint const b) { return a *= b; } friend mint operator/(mint a, mint const b) { return a /= b; } friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, mint const& a) {return os << a.value;} friend bool operator==(mint const& a, mint const& b) {return a.value == b.value;} friend bool operator!=(mint const& a, mint const& b) {return a.value != b.value;} }; // #define TEST void graph() { vec<pair<int, pair<int, bool>>> events; events.reserve(2*N); coords[0] = {-1, 2*N+1}; #ifdef TEST mt19937 gen; vec<int> perm(2*N); iota(all(perm), 1); shuffle(all(perm), gen); // debug(perm); #endif rep (i, 1, N) { int a, b; #ifdef TEST a = perm[2*i-2], b = perm[2*i-1]; if (a > b) swap(a, b); #else cin >> a >> b; #endif coords[i] = {a, b}; events.push_back({a, {i, true}}); events.push_back({b, {i, false}}); } sort(all(events)); set<int> broom; broom.insert(0); // add ground for (auto [_, data] : events) { // debug(data, broom); auto [i, add] = data; auto it = broom.lower_bound(i); auto it2 = it; it2--; // to avoid duplicates, we check that the other child (the first child) of i isn't *it g[i][!add] = *it2; // add child if (add) broom.insert(it, i); else broom.erase(it); } debug(g); } int jumpto(int v, bool b, int i) { // jumps to the lowest platform of height >= i // assert(v >= i); for (int k = K-1; k >= 0; --k) { if (bj[k][b][v] >= i) { v = bj[k][b][v]; } if (v == i) return v; } return v; } int findmeet(int vl, int vr) { // vl jumps right, vr jumps left // for (int k = K-1; k >= 0; --k) { // if (coords[bj[k][1][vl]].y < coords[bj[k][0][vr]].x) { // vl = bj[k][1][vl]; // vr = bj[k][0][vr]; // v = bj[k][b][v]; // } // } int l = 0, r = min(vl, vr)+1; while (l+1 < r) { int m = (l+r)/2; debug(l, m, r); int _t0, _t1; if (coords[_t0 = jumpto(vl, 1, m)].y < coords[_t1 = jumpto(vr, 0, m)].x) { r = m; } else { l = m; } // if (_t0 == _t1) return _t0; debug(_t0, coords[_t0]); debug(_t1, coords[_t1]); } return l; } int main() { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); #ifdef TEST N = 500000; ++N; // N = 10; ++N; #else cin >> N; ++N; // n will be artificial node - the ground #endif g.resize(N); ct.assign(N, 1); coords.resize(N); graph(); // topo sort - do not reverse for now rep (v, 0, N) { bj[0][0][v] = g[v][0]; bj[0][1][v] = g[v][1]; rep (b, 0, 2) rep (k, 1, K) { if (bj[k-1][b][v] == 0) break; bj[k][b][v] = bj[k-1][b][bj[k-1][b][v]]; } // #ifdef LOCAL // rep (b, 0, 2) { // debug(v, b); // rep (k, 0, K) { // cout << bj[k][b][v] << " "; // } // cout << "\n"; // } // #endif } mint s = 0; for (int v = N-1; v > 0; --v) { int l = g[v][0], r = g[v][1]; ct[l] += ct[v]; ct[r] += ct[v]; int meet = findmeet(l, r); debug(v, l, r, meet, ct[v]); ct[meet] -= ct[v]; // s += mint(1); s += mint(1)/ct[v]; } debug(ct); cout << s << "\n"; return 0; } |