#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cassert>
#include <algorithm>
const uint64_t MODULUS = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 + 7;
uint32_t add_wrapping(uint32_t a, uint32_t b) {
return uint32_t((uint64_t(a) + uint64_t(b)) % MODULUS);
}
uint32_t neg_wrapping(uint32_t a) {
return (a > 0) ? MODULUS - a : 0;
}
uint32_t mul_wrapping(uint32_t a, uint32_t b) {
return uint32_t((uint64_t(a) * uint64_t(b)) % MODULUS);
}
std::pair<int32_t, int32_t> extended_euclid(int32_t a, int32_t b) {
if (b == 0) {
return {1, 0};
} else {
const auto [x, y] = extended_euclid(b, a - (a / b) * b);
return {y, x - (a / b) * y};
}
}
uint32_t inverse_wrapping(uint32_t a) {
auto [x, y] = extended_euclid(MODULUS, a);
// fprintf(stderr, "%d * %d + %d * %d = 1\n", x, (uint32_t)MODULUS, y, a);
if (y < 0) {
y += MODULUS;
}
return y;
}
struct encounter_t {
uint32_t add;
uint32_t mul;
static encounter_t merge(const encounter_t& b, const encounter_t& a) {
// a(x) = a.add + a.mul * x;
// b(x) = b.add + b.mul * x;
// (a.b)(x) = a.add + a.mul * (b.add + b.mul * x);
// (a.b)(x) = (a.add + a.mul * b.add) + (a.mul * b.mul) * x;
return encounter_t {
.add = add_wrapping(a.add, mul_wrapping(a.mul, b.add)),
.mul = mul_wrapping(a.mul, b.mul),
};
}
encounter_t inverse() const {
// y = a.add + a.mul * x;
// y - a.add = a.mul * x;
// (y - a.add) * a.mul^-1 = x;
// y * a.mul^-1 - a.add * a.mul^-1 = x;
const uint32_t inv_mul = inverse_wrapping(mul);
return encounter_t {
.add = neg_wrapping(mul_wrapping(add, inv_mul)),
.mul = inv_mul,
};
}
uint32_t apply(uint64_t x) const {
return add_wrapping(mul_wrapping(x, mul), add);
}
};
encounter_t encounters[500 * 1000 + 1];
encounter_t prefix_mul_prefer[500 * 1000 + 1];
uint64_t prefix_sums[500 * 1000 + 1];
int next_mul[500 * 1000 + 1];
int main() {
int n, q;
scanf("%d %d", &n, &q);
prefix_mul_prefer[0].add = 0;
prefix_mul_prefer[0].mul = 1;
prefix_sums[0] = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
int a, b;
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
encounters[i].add = a;
encounters[i].mul = b;
const auto mul_prefer_encounter = (b > 1)
? encounter_t{.add = 0, .mul = uint32_t(b)}
: encounter_t{.add = uint32_t(a), .mul = 1};
prefix_mul_prefer[i + 1] = encounter_t::merge(prefix_mul_prefer[i], mul_prefer_encounter);
prefix_sums[i + 1] = prefix_sums[i] + uint64_t(a);
// SANITY CHECK
// auto inv_encounter = prefix_encounters[i + 1].inverse();
// auto identity_encounter = encounter_t::merge(inv_encounter, prefix_encounters[i + 1]);
// assert(identity_encounter.add == 0);
// assert(identity_encounter.mul == 1);
}
int curr_next_mul = n;
for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
next_mul[i] = curr_next_mul;
if (encounters[i].mul > 1) {
curr_next_mul = i;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) {
// fprintf(stderr, "Processing request %d\n", i);
int x, l, r;
scanf("%d %d %d", &x, &l, &r);
uint64_t state = x;
while (true) {
// fprintf(stderr, " Current state at %d: %llu\n", l, state);
if (l == r) {
// fprintf(stderr, " Arrived\n");
break;
}
state = std::max(state + encounters[l].add, state * encounters[l].mul);
// fprintf(stderr, " State is now %llu after applying better option\n", state);
if (state >= MODULUS) {
l++;
// fprintf(stderr, " Limit reached\n");
break;
}
int curr_next_mul = std::min(next_mul[l], r);
state += prefix_sums[curr_next_mul] - prefix_sums[l + 1];
l = curr_next_mul;
// fprintf(stderr, " State is now %llu after summing (l = %d)\n", state, l);
if (state >= MODULUS) {
// fprintf(stderr, " Limit reached\n");
break;
}
}
state %= MODULUS;
state = encounter_t::merge(prefix_mul_prefer[l].inverse(), prefix_mul_prefer[r]).apply(state);
printf("%d\n", (int)state);
}
return 0;
}
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 | #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstdint> #include <cassert> #include <algorithm> const uint64_t MODULUS = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 + 7; uint32_t add_wrapping(uint32_t a, uint32_t b) { return uint32_t((uint64_t(a) + uint64_t(b)) % MODULUS); } uint32_t neg_wrapping(uint32_t a) { return (a > 0) ? MODULUS - a : 0; } uint32_t mul_wrapping(uint32_t a, uint32_t b) { return uint32_t((uint64_t(a) * uint64_t(b)) % MODULUS); } std::pair<int32_t, int32_t> extended_euclid(int32_t a, int32_t b) { if (b == 0) { return {1, 0}; } else { const auto [x, y] = extended_euclid(b, a - (a / b) * b); return {y, x - (a / b) * y}; } } uint32_t inverse_wrapping(uint32_t a) { auto [x, y] = extended_euclid(MODULUS, a); // fprintf(stderr, "%d * %d + %d * %d = 1\n", x, (uint32_t)MODULUS, y, a); if (y < 0) { y += MODULUS; } return y; } struct encounter_t { uint32_t add; uint32_t mul; static encounter_t merge(const encounter_t& b, const encounter_t& a) { // a(x) = a.add + a.mul * x; // b(x) = b.add + b.mul * x; // (a.b)(x) = a.add + a.mul * (b.add + b.mul * x); // (a.b)(x) = (a.add + a.mul * b.add) + (a.mul * b.mul) * x; return encounter_t { .add = add_wrapping(a.add, mul_wrapping(a.mul, b.add)), .mul = mul_wrapping(a.mul, b.mul), }; } encounter_t inverse() const { // y = a.add + a.mul * x; // y - a.add = a.mul * x; // (y - a.add) * a.mul^-1 = x; // y * a.mul^-1 - a.add * a.mul^-1 = x; const uint32_t inv_mul = inverse_wrapping(mul); return encounter_t { .add = neg_wrapping(mul_wrapping(add, inv_mul)), .mul = inv_mul, }; } uint32_t apply(uint64_t x) const { return add_wrapping(mul_wrapping(x, mul), add); } }; encounter_t encounters[500 * 1000 + 1]; encounter_t prefix_mul_prefer[500 * 1000 + 1]; uint64_t prefix_sums[500 * 1000 + 1]; int next_mul[500 * 1000 + 1]; int main() { int n, q; scanf("%d %d", &n, &q); prefix_mul_prefer[0].add = 0; prefix_mul_prefer[0].mul = 1; prefix_sums[0] = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int a, b; scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); encounters[i].add = a; encounters[i].mul = b; const auto mul_prefer_encounter = (b > 1) ? encounter_t{.add = 0, .mul = uint32_t(b)} : encounter_t{.add = uint32_t(a), .mul = 1}; prefix_mul_prefer[i + 1] = encounter_t::merge(prefix_mul_prefer[i], mul_prefer_encounter); prefix_sums[i + 1] = prefix_sums[i] + uint64_t(a); // SANITY CHECK // auto inv_encounter = prefix_encounters[i + 1].inverse(); // auto identity_encounter = encounter_t::merge(inv_encounter, prefix_encounters[i + 1]); // assert(identity_encounter.add == 0); // assert(identity_encounter.mul == 1); } int curr_next_mul = n; for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) { next_mul[i] = curr_next_mul; if (encounters[i].mul > 1) { curr_next_mul = i; } } for (int i = 0; i < q; i++) { // fprintf(stderr, "Processing request %d\n", i); int x, l, r; scanf("%d %d %d", &x, &l, &r); uint64_t state = x; while (true) { // fprintf(stderr, " Current state at %d: %llu\n", l, state); if (l == r) { // fprintf(stderr, " Arrived\n"); break; } state = std::max(state + encounters[l].add, state * encounters[l].mul); // fprintf(stderr, " State is now %llu after applying better option\n", state); if (state >= MODULUS) { l++; // fprintf(stderr, " Limit reached\n"); break; } int curr_next_mul = std::min(next_mul[l], r); state += prefix_sums[curr_next_mul] - prefix_sums[l + 1]; l = curr_next_mul; // fprintf(stderr, " State is now %llu after summing (l = %d)\n", state, l); if (state >= MODULUS) { // fprintf(stderr, " Limit reached\n"); break; } } state %= MODULUS; state = encounter_t::merge(prefix_mul_prefer[l].inverse(), prefix_mul_prefer[r]).apply(state); printf("%d\n", (int)state); } return 0; } |
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