#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<queue>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define pr pair
#define f first
#define s second
#define ll long long
#define mp make_pair
#define pll pr<ll,ll>
#define pii pr<int,int>
#define piii pr<int,pii>
using namespace std;
const ll m=1e9+7;
ll pw(ll a,ll b=m-2)
{
ll r=1;
while(b)
{
if(b&1) r=r*a%m;
a=a*a%m;
b>>=1;
}
return r;
}
ll ps[1000006],pv[1000006];
ll ed[1000006],ev[1000006];
ll clc(ll n,ll a,ll b,ll ia)
{
if(n<0) return 0;
if(a==0||b==0) return pw(a+b,n);
if(a==b) return pw(a,n)*(n+1)%m;
b=b*ia%m;
return pw(a,n)*(pw(b,n+1)+m-1)%m*pw(b+m-1)%m;
}
ll clc2(ll n,ll a,ll b,ll ib)
{
if(n<0) return 0;
if(a==0) return pw(b,n);
if(b==0) return pw(a,n)*(n+1)%m;
if(a==b) return (n+1)*(n+2)/2%m*pw(a,n)%m;
a=a*ib%m;
return ((n+1)*pw(a,n+1)%m+m-clc(n,1,a,1))*pw(a+m-1)%m*pw(b,n)%m;
}
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
int n,k,p;
cin>>p>>k>>n;
ll as=1,av=0;
ll ik=pw(k);
ed[0]=1;
ed[1]=m-1;
ll ans=0;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(i) ps[i]=ps[i-1];
if(i) pv[i]=pv[i-1];
ps[i]=(ps[i]+ed[i])%m;
pv[i]=(pv[i]+ev[i])%m;
if(i+k<n)
{
ed[i+k+1]=m-ps[i]*ik%m;
ev[i+k+1]=m-(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m;
ed[i+1]+=ps[i]*ik%m;
ev[i+1]+=(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m;
av=(av+ps[i])%m;
}
else
{
ll cs=ps[i]*(i+k-n+1)%m*ik%m;
ll cv=(pv[i]+ps[i])*(i+k-n+1)%m*ik%m;
ll bs=(as+m-cs)%m;
ll bv=(av+m-cv+ps[i])%m;
ll ia=pw(as);
ans+=av*p%m*clc(p-2,as,bs,ia)%m*cs%m;
ans+=(bv+m-av)*clc2(p-2,bs,as,ia)%m*cs%m;
ans+=cv*clc(p-1,as,bs,ia)%m;
ed[i+1]+=ps[i]*ik%m;
ev[i+1]+=(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m;
as=bs;
av=bv;
}
}
cout<<ans%m<<endl;
return 0;
}
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 | #include<set> #include<map> #include<queue> #include<vector> #include<algorithm> #include<bits/stdc++.h> #define pr pair #define f first #define s second #define ll long long #define mp make_pair #define pll pr<ll,ll> #define pii pr<int,int> #define piii pr<int,pii> using namespace std; const ll m=1e9+7; ll pw(ll a,ll b=m-2) { ll r=1; while(b) { if(b&1) r=r*a%m; a=a*a%m; b>>=1; } return r; } ll ps[1000006],pv[1000006]; ll ed[1000006],ev[1000006]; ll clc(ll n,ll a,ll b,ll ia) { if(n<0) return 0; if(a==0||b==0) return pw(a+b,n); if(a==b) return pw(a,n)*(n+1)%m; b=b*ia%m; return pw(a,n)*(pw(b,n+1)+m-1)%m*pw(b+m-1)%m; } ll clc2(ll n,ll a,ll b,ll ib) { if(n<0) return 0; if(a==0) return pw(b,n); if(b==0) return pw(a,n)*(n+1)%m; if(a==b) return (n+1)*(n+2)/2%m*pw(a,n)%m; a=a*ib%m; return ((n+1)*pw(a,n+1)%m+m-clc(n,1,a,1))*pw(a+m-1)%m*pw(b,n)%m; } int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); int n,k,p; cin>>p>>k>>n; ll as=1,av=0; ll ik=pw(k); ed[0]=1; ed[1]=m-1; ll ans=0; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { if(i) ps[i]=ps[i-1]; if(i) pv[i]=pv[i-1]; ps[i]=(ps[i]+ed[i])%m; pv[i]=(pv[i]+ev[i])%m; if(i+k<n) { ed[i+k+1]=m-ps[i]*ik%m; ev[i+k+1]=m-(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m; ed[i+1]+=ps[i]*ik%m; ev[i+1]+=(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m; av=(av+ps[i])%m; } else { ll cs=ps[i]*(i+k-n+1)%m*ik%m; ll cv=(pv[i]+ps[i])*(i+k-n+1)%m*ik%m; ll bs=(as+m-cs)%m; ll bv=(av+m-cv+ps[i])%m; ll ia=pw(as); ans+=av*p%m*clc(p-2,as,bs,ia)%m*cs%m; ans+=(bv+m-av)*clc2(p-2,bs,as,ia)%m*cs%m; ans+=cv*clc(p-1,as,bs,ia)%m; ed[i+1]+=ps[i]*ik%m; ev[i+1]+=(pv[i]+ps[i])*ik%m; as=bs; av=bv; } } cout<<ans%m<<endl; return 0; } |
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