#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int m, n, a, b;
vector<vector<int> > adj_in, adj_out;
// *******************************************************************************
vector<bool> on_path;
int avoid_vertex;
vector<int> adj_start;
bool dfs(int v)
{
if (on_path[v])
{
// printf("Znaleziono cykl z wierzcholkow: ");
// for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) if (on_path[i]) printf("%d ", i+1);
// printf("\n");
return true;
}
on_path[v] = true;
// printf("-> PUSH(%d)\n", v+1);
while (adj_start[v] != adj_out[v].size())
{
int next_v = adj_out[v][adj_start[v]]; ++adj_start[v];
// printf("next_v = %d\n", next_v+1);
if (next_v == avoid_vertex) continue;
if (dfs(next_v)) return true;
}
// printf("-> POP(%d)\n", v+1);
on_path[v] = false;
return false;
}
bool is_acyclic()
{
// printf("Sprawdzamy acyklicznosc. Unikamy %d\n", avoid_vertex + 1);
on_path.clear(); on_path.resize(n, false);
adj_start.clear(); adj_start.resize(n, 0);
for(int i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
if (i==avoid_vertex) continue;
// printf("Sprawdzamy startujac z %d\n", i+1);
if (dfs(i)) return false;
}
// printf("Koniec sprawdzania\n");
return true;
}
// *******************************************************************************
int main()
{
scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
adj_in.resize(n);
adj_out.resize(n);
for(int i=0; i<m; ++i)
{
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); --a; --b;
adj_out[a].push_back(b);
adj_in[b].push_back(a);
}
/*
for(int i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
printf("%d: ", i+1);
for(int j=0; j<adj_out[i].size(); ++j) printf("%d ", adj_out[i][j]+1);
printf("\n");
}
*/
avoid_vertex = -1;
if (is_acyclic())
{
printf("NIE\n");
return 0;
}
vector<int> result;
for(int i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
if (adj_in[i].empty() || adj_out[i].empty()) continue;
avoid_vertex = i;
if (is_acyclic()) result.push_back(i);
}
printf("%d\n", result.size());
if (!result.empty())
{
for(int i=0; i<result.size(); ++i) printf("%d ", result[i]+1);
printf("\n");
}
}
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 | #include <cstdio> #include <vector> using namespace std; int m, n, a, b; vector<vector<int> > adj_in, adj_out; // ******************************************************************************* vector<bool> on_path; int avoid_vertex; vector<int> adj_start; bool dfs(int v) { if (on_path[v]) { // printf("Znaleziono cykl z wierzcholkow: "); // for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) if (on_path[i]) printf("%d ", i+1); // printf("\n"); return true; } on_path[v] = true; // printf("-> PUSH(%d)\n", v+1); while (adj_start[v] != adj_out[v].size()) { int next_v = adj_out[v][adj_start[v]]; ++adj_start[v]; // printf("next_v = %d\n", next_v+1); if (next_v == avoid_vertex) continue; if (dfs(next_v)) return true; } // printf("-> POP(%d)\n", v+1); on_path[v] = false; return false; } bool is_acyclic() { // printf("Sprawdzamy acyklicznosc. Unikamy %d\n", avoid_vertex + 1); on_path.clear(); on_path.resize(n, false); adj_start.clear(); adj_start.resize(n, 0); for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) { if (i==avoid_vertex) continue; // printf("Sprawdzamy startujac z %d\n", i+1); if (dfs(i)) return false; } // printf("Koniec sprawdzania\n"); return true; } // ******************************************************************************* int main() { scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); adj_in.resize(n); adj_out.resize(n); for(int i=0; i<m; ++i) { scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); --a; --b; adj_out[a].push_back(b); adj_in[b].push_back(a); } /* for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) { printf("%d: ", i+1); for(int j=0; j<adj_out[i].size(); ++j) printf("%d ", adj_out[i][j]+1); printf("\n"); } */ avoid_vertex = -1; if (is_acyclic()) { printf("NIE\n"); return 0; } vector<int> result; for(int i=0; i<n; ++i) { if (adj_in[i].empty() || adj_out[i].empty()) continue; avoid_vertex = i; if (is_acyclic()) result.push_back(i); } printf("%d\n", result.size()); if (!result.empty()) { for(int i=0; i<result.size(); ++i) printf("%d ", result[i]+1); printf("\n"); } } |
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