1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int numberOfBits(unsigned int i)
{
    i = i - ((i >> 1) & 0x55555555);
    i = (i & 0x33333333) + ((i >> 2) & 0x33333333);
    i = (i + (i >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
    return (i * 0x01010101) >> 24;
}

int main()
{
    unsigned int n;
    cin >> n;

    unsigned int max_of_count[33] = {0};

    unsigned int total_count = 0;
    int num = 1;
    while (total_count < n)
    {
        unsigned int bits = numberOfBits(num);
        total_count += bits;
        if (num > max_of_count[bits])
        {
            max_of_count[bits] = num;
        }
        ++num;
    }

    --num;

    if (total_count == n)
    {
        cout << num << endl;
        for (int i = num; i > 0; --i)
            cout << i << " ";
        cout << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    cout << (num - 1) << endl;
    for (int i=num;i>0;--i) {
        if (i != max_of_count[total_count - n])
            cout << i << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}