1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
typedef unsigned u32;

constexpr u32 bit_power(u32 x) {
	u32 res = 0;
	for(uint i = 1; i <= x; i <<= 1)
		if(x & i)
			++res;
	return res;
}

int main() {
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(nullptr);
	cout.tie(nullptr);

	u32 n, sum = 0;
	cin >> n;

	vector<pair<u32, u32>> vec;
	vec.reserve(n);
	for(uint i = 1; sum < n; ++i) {
		auto tmp = bit_power(i);
		sum += tmp;
		vec.push_back({tmp, i});
	}

	u32 s = vec.size();
	for(auto i = vec.rbegin(); sum > n && i < vec.rend(); ++i) {
		if(i->first <= sum - n) {
			sum -= i->first;
			i->second = 0;
			s--;
		}
	}

	cout << s << '\n';
	for(auto i = vec.crbegin(); i < vec.crend(); ++i)
		if(i->second)
			cout << i->second << ' ';
}