#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <cmath> #include <tuple> using namespace std; const int inf = 1 << 30; const long long inf_ll = 1ll << 60; struct li_chao { struct line { long long a, b, t; line(long long _a, long long _b, long long _t) : a(_a), b(_b), t(_t) {} }; vector<line>l; int leaf_count; li_chao(int n) { for(leaf_count = 1; leaf_count < n; leaf_count *= 2) {} l.resize(leaf_count * 2, line(0, inf_ll, 0)); } void insert(long long a, long long b, long long t) { insert_rec(a, b, t, 0, leaf_count, 1); } void insert_rec(long long a, long long b, long long t, int lo, int hi, int v) { int mid = (lo + hi) / 2; bool lef = a * lo + b < l[v].a * mid + l[v].b; bool mi = a * mid + b < l[v].a * mid + l[v].b; if(mi) { swap(a, l[v].a); swap(b, l[v].b); swap(t, l[v].t); } if(hi - lo == 1) return; if(lef != mi) { insert_rec(a, b, t, lo, mid, v * 2); } else { insert_rec(a, b, t, mid, hi, v * 2 + 1); } } pair<long long, int> get(long long x) { return get_rec(x, 0, leaf_count, 1); } pair<long long, int>get_rec(long long x, int lo, int hi, int v) { pair<long long, int>answer = make_pair(x * l[v].a + l[v].b, l[v].t); if(hi - lo == 1) return answer; int mid = (lo + hi) / 2; if(x < mid) { return min(get_rec(x, lo, mid, v * 2), answer); } return min(get_rec(x, mid, hi, v * 2 + 1), answer); } }; struct seg_tree { vector<pair<int, int>>t; int leaf_count; seg_tree(vector<int>v) { int n = v.size(); for(leaf_count = 1; leaf_count < n; leaf_count *= 2) {} t.resize(leaf_count * 2); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) t[i + leaf_count] = make_pair(v[i], i); for(int i = n; i < leaf_count; i++) t[i + leaf_count] = make_pair(inf, i); for(int i = leaf_count - 1; i > 0; i--) t[i] = min(t[i * 2], t[i * 2 + 1]); } void set(int x, int value) { x += leaf_count; t[x].first = value; for(x /= 2; x > 0; x /= 2) t[x] = min(t[x * 2], t[x * 2 + 1]); } pair<int, int>get_min(int l, int r) { l += leaf_count; r += leaf_count; pair<int, int>answer = min(t[l], t[r]); while(l / 2 != r / 2) { if(l % 2 == 0) answer = min(answer, t[l + 1]); if(r % 2 == 1) answer = min(answer, t[r - 1]); l /= 2; r /= 2; } return answer; } }; struct solver { struct node { vector<int>children; int l, r, min_count; long long answer; node() {} node(int _l, int _r, int _min_count, long long _answer) : l(_l), r(_r), min_count(_min_count), answer(_answer) {} }; vector<node>nodes; solver(vector<int>&prefix_sum) { int n = (int)prefix_sum.size() - 1; seg_tree t(prefix_sum); // cout << "prefix_sum = "; // for(int x : prefix_sum) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; dfs_make(0, n, t); } int dfs_make(int l, int r, seg_tree &t) { // cout << "dfs_make at " << l << ' ' << r << '\n'; int x = nodes.size(); nodes.emplace_back(l, r, 0, 0); if(l >= r) { return x; } auto [my_lo, ind] = t.get_min(l, r); int next_lo, next_ind; vector<int>mins; do { mins.push_back(ind); t.set(ind, inf); tie(next_lo, next_ind) = t.get_min(l ,r); ind = next_ind; } while(next_lo == my_lo); // cout << "mins = "; // for(int x : mins) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; nodes[x].min_count = mins.size(); nodes[x].answer = 1ll * nodes[x].min_count * (nodes[x].min_count - 1) / 2; int last = l; for(int k : mins) { int new_son = dfs_make(last, k - 1, t); nodes[x].children.push_back(new_son); nodes[x].answer += nodes[new_son].answer; last = k + 1; } int new_son = dfs_make(last, r, t); nodes[x].children.push_back(new_son); nodes[x].answer += nodes[new_son].answer; // cout << l << ' ' << r << ", answer = " << nodes[x].answer << '\n'; return x; } pair<long long, int> get_answer(long long C) { auto [answer, taken] = dp_dfs(0, C); if(nodes[0].answer < answer) return make_pair(nodes[0].answer, 1); return make_pair(answer, taken + 1); } pair<long long, int> dp_dfs(int x, long long C) { //how many if(nodes[x].children.empty()) return make_pair(C, 1); vector<pair<long long, int>>children_dp; for(int y : nodes[x].children) children_dp.push_back(dp_dfs(y, C)); vector<long long>dp(nodes[x].children.size(), inf_ll); vector<int>taken(nodes[x].children.size(), 1); vector<long long>answer_pref(1, 0); for(int y : nodes[x].children) answer_pref.push_back(answer_pref.back() + nodes[y].answer); li_chao lt(nodes[x].children.size()); for(int i = 0; i < (int)nodes[x].children.size(); i++) { dp[i] = answer_pref[i] + 1ll * i * (i - 1) / 2 + children_dp[i].first; taken[i] = children_dp[i].second; auto [left_best, left_taken] = lt.get(i); left_best += answer_pref[i] + i * (i - 1) / 2 + children_dp[i].first; if(left_best < dp[i]) { dp[i] = left_best; taken[i] = left_taken + children_dp[i].second; } // for(int j = 0; j < i; j++) { // // long long new_value = answer_pref[i] - answer_pref[j + 1] + dp[j] + children_dp[i].first; // long long len = i - j; // new_value += len * (len - 1) / 2; // // if(new_value < dp[i]) { // dp[i] = new_value; // taken[i] = taken[j] + children_dp[i].second; // } // } lt.insert(-i, i * (i + 1) / 2 + dp[i] - answer_pref[i + 1], taken[i]); } // cout << "dp = "; // for(long long t : dp) // cout << t << ' '; // cout << '\n'; // cout << "taken = "; // for(int t : taken) // cout << t << ' '; // cout << '\n'; // long long my_answer = inf_ll; int my_taken = 0; for(int i = 0; i < (int)nodes[x].children.size(); i++) { long long right = (int)nodes[x].children.size() - i - 1; long long my_value = dp[i] + right * (right - 1) / 2 + answer_pref.back() - answer_pref[i + 1]; if(my_value < my_answer) { my_answer = my_value; my_taken = taken[i]; } } // cout << "answer at " << nodes[x].l << ' ' << nodes[x].r << ": " << my_answer << ' ' << my_taken << '\n'; return make_pair(my_answer, my_taken); } }; int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); int n, k; cin >> n >> k; string s; cin >> s; s = '#' + s; vector<int>prefix_sum(n + 1); prefix_sum[0] = n; for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) prefix_sum[i] = prefix_sum[i - 1] + (s[i] == ')' ? -1 : 1); // cout << "prefix_sum = "; // for(int x : prefix_sum) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; solver S(prefix_sum); // long long lo = 0, hi = 1ll * n * n; long long lo = 0, hi = 1ll * n * n; while(lo < hi) { long long mid = (lo + hi) / 2; // cout << "MID = " << mid << '\n'; auto [result, taken] = S.get_answer(mid); // cout << "result = " << result << ", taken = " << taken << '\n'; if(taken <= k) { hi = mid; } else { lo = mid + 1; } } // cout << "hi = " << hi << '\n'; cout << S.get_answer(hi).first - (k - 1) * hi << '\n'; return 0; }
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 | #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <cmath> #include <tuple> using namespace std; const int inf = 1 << 30; const long long inf_ll = 1ll << 60; struct li_chao { struct line { long long a, b, t; line(long long _a, long long _b, long long _t) : a(_a), b(_b), t(_t) {} }; vector<line>l; int leaf_count; li_chao(int n) { for(leaf_count = 1; leaf_count < n; leaf_count *= 2) {} l.resize(leaf_count * 2, line(0, inf_ll, 0)); } void insert(long long a, long long b, long long t) { insert_rec(a, b, t, 0, leaf_count, 1); } void insert_rec(long long a, long long b, long long t, int lo, int hi, int v) { int mid = (lo + hi) / 2; bool lef = a * lo + b < l[v].a * mid + l[v].b; bool mi = a * mid + b < l[v].a * mid + l[v].b; if(mi) { swap(a, l[v].a); swap(b, l[v].b); swap(t, l[v].t); } if(hi - lo == 1) return; if(lef != mi) { insert_rec(a, b, t, lo, mid, v * 2); } else { insert_rec(a, b, t, mid, hi, v * 2 + 1); } } pair<long long, int> get(long long x) { return get_rec(x, 0, leaf_count, 1); } pair<long long, int>get_rec(long long x, int lo, int hi, int v) { pair<long long, int>answer = make_pair(x * l[v].a + l[v].b, l[v].t); if(hi - lo == 1) return answer; int mid = (lo + hi) / 2; if(x < mid) { return min(get_rec(x, lo, mid, v * 2), answer); } return min(get_rec(x, mid, hi, v * 2 + 1), answer); } }; struct seg_tree { vector<pair<int, int>>t; int leaf_count; seg_tree(vector<int>v) { int n = v.size(); for(leaf_count = 1; leaf_count < n; leaf_count *= 2) {} t.resize(leaf_count * 2); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) t[i + leaf_count] = make_pair(v[i], i); for(int i = n; i < leaf_count; i++) t[i + leaf_count] = make_pair(inf, i); for(int i = leaf_count - 1; i > 0; i--) t[i] = min(t[i * 2], t[i * 2 + 1]); } void set(int x, int value) { x += leaf_count; t[x].first = value; for(x /= 2; x > 0; x /= 2) t[x] = min(t[x * 2], t[x * 2 + 1]); } pair<int, int>get_min(int l, int r) { l += leaf_count; r += leaf_count; pair<int, int>answer = min(t[l], t[r]); while(l / 2 != r / 2) { if(l % 2 == 0) answer = min(answer, t[l + 1]); if(r % 2 == 1) answer = min(answer, t[r - 1]); l /= 2; r /= 2; } return answer; } }; struct solver { struct node { vector<int>children; int l, r, min_count; long long answer; node() {} node(int _l, int _r, int _min_count, long long _answer) : l(_l), r(_r), min_count(_min_count), answer(_answer) {} }; vector<node>nodes; solver(vector<int>&prefix_sum) { int n = (int)prefix_sum.size() - 1; seg_tree t(prefix_sum); // cout << "prefix_sum = "; // for(int x : prefix_sum) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; dfs_make(0, n, t); } int dfs_make(int l, int r, seg_tree &t) { // cout << "dfs_make at " << l << ' ' << r << '\n'; int x = nodes.size(); nodes.emplace_back(l, r, 0, 0); if(l >= r) { return x; } auto [my_lo, ind] = t.get_min(l, r); int next_lo, next_ind; vector<int>mins; do { mins.push_back(ind); t.set(ind, inf); tie(next_lo, next_ind) = t.get_min(l ,r); ind = next_ind; } while(next_lo == my_lo); // cout << "mins = "; // for(int x : mins) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; nodes[x].min_count = mins.size(); nodes[x].answer = 1ll * nodes[x].min_count * (nodes[x].min_count - 1) / 2; int last = l; for(int k : mins) { int new_son = dfs_make(last, k - 1, t); nodes[x].children.push_back(new_son); nodes[x].answer += nodes[new_son].answer; last = k + 1; } int new_son = dfs_make(last, r, t); nodes[x].children.push_back(new_son); nodes[x].answer += nodes[new_son].answer; // cout << l << ' ' << r << ", answer = " << nodes[x].answer << '\n'; return x; } pair<long long, int> get_answer(long long C) { auto [answer, taken] = dp_dfs(0, C); if(nodes[0].answer < answer) return make_pair(nodes[0].answer, 1); return make_pair(answer, taken + 1); } pair<long long, int> dp_dfs(int x, long long C) { //how many if(nodes[x].children.empty()) return make_pair(C, 1); vector<pair<long long, int>>children_dp; for(int y : nodes[x].children) children_dp.push_back(dp_dfs(y, C)); vector<long long>dp(nodes[x].children.size(), inf_ll); vector<int>taken(nodes[x].children.size(), 1); vector<long long>answer_pref(1, 0); for(int y : nodes[x].children) answer_pref.push_back(answer_pref.back() + nodes[y].answer); li_chao lt(nodes[x].children.size()); for(int i = 0; i < (int)nodes[x].children.size(); i++) { dp[i] = answer_pref[i] + 1ll * i * (i - 1) / 2 + children_dp[i].first; taken[i] = children_dp[i].second; auto [left_best, left_taken] = lt.get(i); left_best += answer_pref[i] + i * (i - 1) / 2 + children_dp[i].first; if(left_best < dp[i]) { dp[i] = left_best; taken[i] = left_taken + children_dp[i].second; } // for(int j = 0; j < i; j++) { // // long long new_value = answer_pref[i] - answer_pref[j + 1] + dp[j] + children_dp[i].first; // long long len = i - j; // new_value += len * (len - 1) / 2; // // if(new_value < dp[i]) { // dp[i] = new_value; // taken[i] = taken[j] + children_dp[i].second; // } // } lt.insert(-i, i * (i + 1) / 2 + dp[i] - answer_pref[i + 1], taken[i]); } // cout << "dp = "; // for(long long t : dp) // cout << t << ' '; // cout << '\n'; // cout << "taken = "; // for(int t : taken) // cout << t << ' '; // cout << '\n'; // long long my_answer = inf_ll; int my_taken = 0; for(int i = 0; i < (int)nodes[x].children.size(); i++) { long long right = (int)nodes[x].children.size() - i - 1; long long my_value = dp[i] + right * (right - 1) / 2 + answer_pref.back() - answer_pref[i + 1]; if(my_value < my_answer) { my_answer = my_value; my_taken = taken[i]; } } // cout << "answer at " << nodes[x].l << ' ' << nodes[x].r << ": " << my_answer << ' ' << my_taken << '\n'; return make_pair(my_answer, my_taken); } }; int main() { ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); int n, k; cin >> n >> k; string s; cin >> s; s = '#' + s; vector<int>prefix_sum(n + 1); prefix_sum[0] = n; for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) prefix_sum[i] = prefix_sum[i - 1] + (s[i] == ')' ? -1 : 1); // cout << "prefix_sum = "; // for(int x : prefix_sum) // cout << x << ' '; // cout << '\n'; solver S(prefix_sum); // long long lo = 0, hi = 1ll * n * n; long long lo = 0, hi = 1ll * n * n; while(lo < hi) { long long mid = (lo + hi) / 2; // cout << "MID = " << mid << '\n'; auto [result, taken] = S.get_answer(mid); // cout << "result = " << result << ", taken = " << taken << '\n'; if(taken <= k) { hi = mid; } else { lo = mid + 1; } } // cout << "hi = " << hi << '\n'; cout << S.get_answer(hi).first - (k - 1) * hi << '\n'; return 0; } |