#include <vector> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> //#define PA2016_TEST #ifdef PA2016_TEST #define ASSERT( condition ) if ( !( condition ) ) { __debugbreak(); } #define PAUSE_CONSOLE system( "pause" ); #define DEBUG_ONLY( line ) line; #else #define ASSERT( condition ) #define PAUSE_CONSOLE #define DEBUG_ONLY( line ) #endif typedef unsigned long long llu; // Given node and direction, returns node's succesor in the direction. char Transition( char node, int dir ) { // dir: 0 - left, 1 - right. switch( node ) { case 'a': return dir ? 'c' : 'b'; case 'b': return dir ? 'c' : 'a'; case 'c': return dir ? 'b' : 'a'; } return 0; } // Find wanted idx using segment tree approach, when traversing segment tree, fill output with wanted string. const char* TraverseSegmentTreeDepthFirstAndFillOutput( llu wantedIdx, llu min, llu max, llu stepSoFar, char* output, char lastLetter ) { char prev = lastLetter; llu steps = stepSoFar; llu curr_min = min; llu curr_max = max; while( true ) { ++steps; // It is possible that wanted idx is current min, so search is ended. if( curr_min == wantedIdx ) break; // Calculate left and right ranges... llu left_min = curr_min + 1; llu left_max = ( ( curr_max - curr_min ) / 2 ) + curr_min; llu right_min = left_max + 1; llu right_max = curr_max; // ...and check where wantedIdx fits in. if( ( wantedIdx >= left_min ) && ( wantedIdx <= left_max ) ) { curr_min = left_min; curr_max = left_max; prev = Transition( prev, 0 ); output[ steps ] = prev; } else { curr_min = right_min; curr_max = right_max; prev = Transition( prev, 1 ); output[ steps ] = prev; } } output[ steps ] = 0; return output; } // Function return in what range ( of binary tree with DFS indexing ) wantedIdx fits in. // Returns false if tree with given height cannot hold wantedidx. bool FindRange( llu treeHeigh, llu wantedIdx, llu& out_min, llu& out_max ) { llu min = treeHeigh; llu max = treeHeigh; while( min > 0 ) { if( ( wantedIdx >= min ) && ( wantedIdx <= max ) ) { out_min = min; out_max = max; return true; } llu oldmin = min; llu oldmax = max; min = oldmin - 1; max = min + 2 * ( oldmax - oldmin + 1 ); } out_min = min + 1; out_max = max / 2; return false; } const char* Solve( llu maxN, llu wantedIdx ) { llu min = maxN; llu max = maxN; char letter = 'a'; bool founded = false; // 1. Finad what range wanted idx is in. // We have to do this way, because otherwise we can't represent range as llu ( like e.g. [ 0, 2^1000000 ] ). for( int i = 0; i < 3; ++i ) { if( FindRange( maxN, wantedIdx, min, max ) ) { founded = true; break; } ++letter; wantedIdx = wantedIdx - max; } char* output = (char*)malloc( maxN + 1 ); output[ maxN ] = 0; // cstring ending. if( !founded ) { output[ 0 ] = 'N'; output[ 1 ] = 'I'; output[ 2 ] = 'E'; output[ 3 ] = 0; return output; } // 2. Fill path to min node, cuz we know it in advance: for( llu i = 0; i < min; ++i ) { output[ i ] = i % 2 == 0 ? letter : Transition( letter, 0 ); } // 3. Perform segment tree search: TraverseSegmentTreeDepthFirstAndFillOutput( wantedIdx, min, max, min - 1, output, letter ); return output; } void Test( llu maxN, llu wantedIdx, const char* wantet_result ) { const char* txt = Solve( maxN, wantedIdx ); ASSERT( strcmp( wantet_result, txt ) == 0 ); free( (void*)txt ); } void Run( llu wantedIdx, llu maxN ) { const char* txt = Solve( maxN, wantedIdx ); printf( "%s\n", txt ); free( (void*)txt ); } void TestAll() { Test( 3, 7, "acb" ); Test( 5, 1, "a" ); Test( 5, 31, "acbcb" ); Test( 5, 188888, "NIE" ); Test( 3, 8, "b" ); Test( 10, 678, "acacacaba" ); Test( 21, 9999999999999, "NIE" ); Test( 100, 6666, "ababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababcbabcbacacbc" ); Test( 666, 16121989, "abababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababacbcbacacbcbcbcb" ); Test( 66, 666666666666, "abababababababababababababacabcbacbabcbcababcbacbcababacacabcbcbca" ); Test( 111, 999999999999999999, "ababababababababababababababababababababababababababcbacbcbababacacbacbacacbabcbcacabcbcacbabacbcbcbcbcbcacbacb" ); Test( 999999, 999999999999999999, "" ); } int main() { DEBUG_ONLY( TestAll(); ); llu wantedIdx = 0; llu maxN = 0; scanf( "%ld%ld", &maxN, &wantedIdx ); Run( wantedIdx, maxN ); PAUSE_CONSOLE; return 0; }
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 | #include <vector> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> //#define PA2016_TEST #ifdef PA2016_TEST #define ASSERT( condition ) if ( !( condition ) ) { __debugbreak(); } #define PAUSE_CONSOLE system( "pause" ); #define DEBUG_ONLY( line ) line; #else #define ASSERT( condition ) #define PAUSE_CONSOLE #define DEBUG_ONLY( line ) #endif typedef unsigned long long llu; // Given node and direction, returns node's succesor in the direction. char Transition( char node, int dir ) { // dir: 0 - left, 1 - right. switch( node ) { case 'a': return dir ? 'c' : 'b'; case 'b': return dir ? 'c' : 'a'; case 'c': return dir ? 'b' : 'a'; } return 0; } // Find wanted idx using segment tree approach, when traversing segment tree, fill output with wanted string. const char* TraverseSegmentTreeDepthFirstAndFillOutput( llu wantedIdx, llu min, llu max, llu stepSoFar, char* output, char lastLetter ) { char prev = lastLetter; llu steps = stepSoFar; llu curr_min = min; llu curr_max = max; while( true ) { ++steps; // It is possible that wanted idx is current min, so search is ended. if( curr_min == wantedIdx ) break; // Calculate left and right ranges... llu left_min = curr_min + 1; llu left_max = ( ( curr_max - curr_min ) / 2 ) + curr_min; llu right_min = left_max + 1; llu right_max = curr_max; // ...and check where wantedIdx fits in. if( ( wantedIdx >= left_min ) && ( wantedIdx <= left_max ) ) { curr_min = left_min; curr_max = left_max; prev = Transition( prev, 0 ); output[ steps ] = prev; } else { curr_min = right_min; curr_max = right_max; prev = Transition( prev, 1 ); output[ steps ] = prev; } } output[ steps ] = 0; return output; } // Function return in what range ( of binary tree with DFS indexing ) wantedIdx fits in. // Returns false if tree with given height cannot hold wantedidx. bool FindRange( llu treeHeigh, llu wantedIdx, llu& out_min, llu& out_max ) { llu min = treeHeigh; llu max = treeHeigh; while( min > 0 ) { if( ( wantedIdx >= min ) && ( wantedIdx <= max ) ) { out_min = min; out_max = max; return true; } llu oldmin = min; llu oldmax = max; min = oldmin - 1; max = min + 2 * ( oldmax - oldmin + 1 ); } out_min = min + 1; out_max = max / 2; return false; } const char* Solve( llu maxN, llu wantedIdx ) { llu min = maxN; llu max = maxN; char letter = 'a'; bool founded = false; // 1. Finad what range wanted idx is in. // We have to do this way, because otherwise we can't represent range as llu ( like e.g. [ 0, 2^1000000 ] ). for( int i = 0; i < 3; ++i ) { if( FindRange( maxN, wantedIdx, min, max ) ) { founded = true; break; } ++letter; wantedIdx = wantedIdx - max; } char* output = (char*)malloc( maxN + 1 ); output[ maxN ] = 0; // cstring ending. if( !founded ) { output[ 0 ] = 'N'; output[ 1 ] = 'I'; output[ 2 ] = 'E'; output[ 3 ] = 0; return output; } // 2. Fill path to min node, cuz we know it in advance: for( llu i = 0; i < min; ++i ) { output[ i ] = i % 2 == 0 ? letter : Transition( letter, 0 ); } // 3. Perform segment tree search: TraverseSegmentTreeDepthFirstAndFillOutput( wantedIdx, min, max, min - 1, output, letter ); return output; } void Test( llu maxN, llu wantedIdx, const char* wantet_result ) { const char* txt = Solve( maxN, wantedIdx ); ASSERT( strcmp( wantet_result, txt ) == 0 ); free( (void*)txt ); } void Run( llu wantedIdx, llu maxN ) { const char* txt = Solve( maxN, wantedIdx ); printf( "%s\n", txt ); free( (void*)txt ); } void TestAll() { Test( 3, 7, "acb" ); Test( 5, 1, "a" ); Test( 5, 31, "acbcb" ); Test( 5, 188888, "NIE" ); Test( 3, 8, "b" ); Test( 10, 678, "acacacaba" ); Test( 21, 9999999999999, "NIE" ); Test( 100, 6666, "ababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababcbabcbacacbc" ); Test( 666, 16121989, "abababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababababacbcbacacbcbcbcb" ); Test( 66, 666666666666, "abababababababababababababacabcbacbabcbcababcbacbcababacacabcbcbca" ); Test( 111, 999999999999999999, "ababababababababababababababababababababababababababcbacbcbababacacbacbacacbabcbcacabcbcacbabacbcbcbcbcbcacbacb" ); Test( 999999, 999999999999999999, "" ); } int main() { DEBUG_ONLY( TestAll(); ); llu wantedIdx = 0; llu maxN = 0; scanf( "%ld%ld", &maxN, &wantedIdx ); Run( wantedIdx, maxN ); PAUSE_CONSOLE; return 0; } |