#define NDEBUG #include <cassert> #include <cctype> #include <cmath> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <iostream> #include <sstream> #include <algorithm> #include <queue> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <unistd.h> using namespace std; #define TRACE(x) cerr<<"# "#x<<endl; #define DEBUG(x) cerr<<#x<<" = "<<(x)<<endl; typedef unsigned long long ULL; typedef long long LL; const int INF = 0x7FFFFFFF; #define USE_STATIC_MEMORY #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY void* allocateMemory(unsigned size); #endif class IO { #define IO_DEBUG_ENABLED 0 public: IO() { buffer = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUFFER_SIZE)) #endif char[ BUFFER_SIZE ]; bufferOut = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUFFER_SIZE)) #endif char[ BUFFER_SIZE ]; } ~IO() { /* delete [] buffer; */ flush(); } inline void readChar(char * const c) { readIntoBuffer(); *c = buffer[ bufferIndex ]; ++bufferIndex; } void readUInt(unsigned int * const out) { unsigned int res = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = res; } void readULL(unsigned long long * const out) { unsigned long long res = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = res; } void readInt(int * const out) { int res = 0; int neg = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); if(c == '-') { neg = 1; c = '0'; } #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED else if( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { } else { fprintf(stderr, "readInt() ERROR unexpected char '%c' (decimal %d)\n", c, static_cast<int>(c)); } #endif while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = (0 == neg) ? res : -res; } void readLL(long long * const out) { long long res = 0; int neg = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); if(c == '-') { neg = 1; c = '0'; } #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED else if( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { } else { fprintf(stderr, "readLL() ERROR unexpected char '%c' (decimal %d)\n", c, static_cast<int>(c)); } #endif while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = (0 == neg) ? res : -res; } void readLine(char * const dst) { char c; char *d = dst; readChar(&c); while(c > 13) { // while((c!=10) && (c!=13) && (c!=0)) *d = c; ++d; readChar(&c); } if(c == 13) { // skip (forget) EOL characters readChar(&c); if(c != 10) { --bufferIndex; // next char after '/r' is not '/n' - it is unexpected but try to accept as valid EOL #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED fprintf(stderr, __FUNCTION__ "() ERROR unexpected char (ASCII 0x%x) (decimal %d)\n", static_cast<int>(c), static_cast<int>(c)); #endif } } *d = 0; } char* readString(char * const dst) { char c; char *d = dst; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while((c > 13) && (c != ' ')) { // Read only "printable" characters *d = c; ++d; readChar(&c); } *d = 0; return d; } void readString(char * const dst, bool * const isNextCharEOL) { readString(dst); char c = buffer[bufferIndex-1]; if((c != 10) && (c != 13) && (c != 0)) *isNextCharEOL = false; else *isNextCharEOL = true; } inline void flush() { if(bufferOutIndex > 0) { write(1, bufferOut, bufferOutIndex); bufferOutIndex = 0; } } inline void writeChar(char c) { if(bufferOutIndex >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = c; } inline void writeString(const char *str) { for(const char *src = str; *src ;++src) { writeChar(*src); } } inline void writeU32(unsigned x) { char lbuf[10]; if((bufferOutIndex+sizeof(lbuf)) >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } if(x) { unsigned len=0; while(x) { unsigned d = x / 10; lbuf[ ++len ] = '0' + static_cast<char>(x - 10*d); x = d; } while(len) { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = lbuf[ len-- ]; } } else { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = '0'; } } inline void writeU64(ULL x) { char lbuf[20]; if((bufferOutIndex+sizeof(lbuf)) >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } if(x) { unsigned len=0; while(x) { ULL d = x / 10ULL; lbuf[ ++len ] = '0' + static_cast<char>(x - 10ULL*d); x = d; } while(len) { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = lbuf[ len-- ]; } } else { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = '0'; } } //protected: inline void readIntoBuffer() { if(bufferIndex >= bytesRead) { buffer[0] = 0; // make the first characted white-char => readChar() does not check bytesRead bytesRead = read(0, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); bufferIndex = 0; } } inline void skipWC() { char *cPtr; do { readIntoBuffer(); cPtr = buffer + bufferIndex; while( (bufferIndex < bytesRead) && ((*cPtr == 10) || (*cPtr == ' ') || (*cPtr == 13))) { ++bufferIndex; ++cPtr; } } while((bufferIndex >= bytesRead) && (bytesRead > 0)); } //private: const static unsigned int BUFFER_SIZE = 4 * 1024; char *buffer = nullptr; int bufferIndex = 0; int bytesRead = 0; char *bufferOut = nullptr; unsigned int bufferOutIndex = 0; } static io; const ULL stringHashModulo = (static_cast<ULL>(1e9) + 9); inline void stringHash(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { const unsigned p = 31; const ULL m = stringHashModulo; ULL p_pow = 1; while(first != last) { hash = (hash + (static_cast<ULL>((*first) - 'a') + 1ULL) * p_pow) % m; p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; first += inc; } } //inline void stringHash(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc, ULL &pow) //{ // const unsigned p = 31; // const ULL m = stringHashModulo; // ULL p_pow = 1; // while(first != last) { // hash = (hash + (static_cast<ULL>((*first) - 'a') + 1ULL) * p_pow) % m; // p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; // first += inc; // } // pow = p_pow; //} //inline void stringHashDecay(ULL &hash, ULL p_pow, unsigned d) //{ // const unsigned p = 31; // const ULL m = stringHashModulo; // while(d--) { // hash = (hash + 1ULL * p_pow) % m; // p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; // } //} inline void stringHashDjb2(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { while(first != last) { hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + static_cast<ULL>(*first); /* hash * 33 + c */ first += inc; } } inline void stringHashDjb2Decay(ULL &hash, unsigned d) { while(d--) { hash = ((hash << 5) + hash); /* hash * 33 + c */ } } const ULL stringHashMineModulo = 1000000007ULL; //#define USE_MINE_MODUL0 inline void stringHashMine(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { while(first != last) { hash = ( (29 * hash) + static_cast<ULL>((*first) - ('a'-1)) ) #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; first += inc; } } inline void stringHashMineDecay(ULL &hash, unsigned d) { while(d--) { hash = (29 * hash) #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; } } const ULL DJB2_INIT_VALUE = 5381; #if 1 constexpr unsigned BUF_NALL_LEN = 2000*1000; constexpr unsigned BUF_NHASH_LEN = 1800*1000; constexpr unsigned HASH_BLOCK_LEN = 16*1000; static_assert(BUF_NALL_LEN > BUF_NHASH_LEN, ""); static_assert(BUF_NHASH_LEN > HASH_BLOCK_LEN, ""); static_assert(BUF_NALL_LEN > (BUF_NHASH_LEN + 2*sizeof(ULL)*(2e7 / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1) ), ""); #else constexpr unsigned BUF_NALL_LEN = 4; constexpr unsigned BUF_NHASH_LEN = 1000; constexpr unsigned HASH_BLOCK_LEN = 3; #endif #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY void* allocateMemory(unsigned size) { static char memory_pool[2*1024*1024]; static unsigned pos = 0; void * addr = nullptr; if((pos + size) <= sizeof(memory_pool)) { addr = (memory_pool + pos); pos += (size + ((8 - (size & 0x7)) & 0x7) ); } return addr; static_assert(sizeof(memory_pool) > (1024 + (BUF_NALL_LEN + 2*IO::BUFFER_SIZE)), ""); }; #endif #define USE_CHARS #ifdef USE_CHARS static unsigned chars['z' - 'a' + 1]; inline void addCharUnknown(const char c) { chars[c - 'a'] ^= 1; } bool checkCharsUnknown(const unsigned n) { unsigned sum = 0; for(unsigned i=0; i<(sizeof(chars)/sizeof(chars[0])); ++i) { sum += chars[i]; } return ((n & 1) == sum); } inline void addCharN(const char c) { ++(chars[c - 'a']); //cerr << __FUNCTION__ << "('" << c << "') = " << chars[c - 'a'] << endl; } inline void subCharN(const char c) { --(chars[c - 'a']); //cerr << __FUNCTION__ << "('" << c << "') = " << chars[c - 'a'] << endl; } bool checkCharsN(const unsigned n) { unsigned sum = 0; for(unsigned i=0; i<(sizeof(chars)/sizeof(chars[0])); ++i) { sum |= chars[i]; } //cerr << "checkChars: sum " << sum << " n " << n << " n&1 " << (n&1) << "\n"; return (0 == sum); // omited middle char in addCharN() } #endif bool checkNAll(const unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { char *const buf = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NALL_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NALL_LEN]; char c; for(unsigned i=0; i<n; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS //notNeeded if((2*i) < n) addCharN(c); else subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[i] = c; } #ifdef USE_CHARS //notNeeded if(n & 1) { subCharN(buf[n>>1]); } #endif char *first = buf; char *last = buf + (n - 1); while(first < last) { if(*first != *last) return false; ++first; --last; } return true; } bool checkNHash(const unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { const unsigned n_div_2 = n>>1; const unsigned hashesNum = (n_div_2 / HASH_BLOCK_LEN); ULL *hashes = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*hashesNum)) #endif ULL[hashesNum]; ULL *hashesDjb2 = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*hashesNum)) #endif ULL[hashesNum]; char * const buf = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NHASH_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NHASH_LEN]; char c; // prefix const unsigned prefixLen = n_div_2 - hashesNum*HASH_BLOCK_LEN; for(unsigned i=0; i<prefixLen; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[i] = c; } // first half hashes char *last = buf + BUF_NHASH_LEN; char *first = last - HASH_BLOCK_LEN; for(unsigned h=0; h<hashesNum; ++h) { for(unsigned i=0; i<HASH_BLOCK_LEN; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif first[i] = c; } ULL hash = 0; stringHash(hash, first, last, 1); hashes[h] = hash; ULL hashDjb2 = 5381; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2, first, last, 1); hashesDjb2[h] = hashDjb2; } if(n & 1) { // skip middle char io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS //addChar(c); //skip middle char in N is known #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif } // second half hashes for(unsigned h=0; h<hashesNum; ++h) { for(unsigned i=0; i<HASH_BLOCK_LEN; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif first[i] = c; } ULL hash = 0; stringHash(hash, last-1, first-1, -1); ULL hashDjb2 = 5381; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2, last-1, first-1, -1); if((hashes[hashesNum - h - 1] != hash) or (hashesDjb2[hashesNum - h - 1] != hashDjb2)) { return false; } } // check last with prefix for(unsigned i=prefixLen; i;) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif if(buf[--i] != c) { return false; } } return true; } bool checkUnknown(unsigned &n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { ULL *hashesDjb2 = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*(static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1))) #endif ULL[static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1]; ULL *hashesMine = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*(static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1))) #endif ULL[static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1]; char * const buf_start = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NHASH_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NHASH_LEN]; char c; bool compareAll = true; unsigned charsRead = 0; unsigned hashesDjb2Num = 0; ULL hashDjb2Left, hashDjb2Right = DJB2_INIT_VALUE; ULL hashMineLeft, hashMineRight = 0; char *buf = buf_start; for(n = 0;;) { io.readChar(&c); if((c < 'a') or (c > 'z')) break; #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharUnknown(c); #else //cerr << "xoruje '" << c << "'\n"; *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[charsRead] = c; ++n; if(++charsRead >= HASH_BLOCK_LEN) { stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Right, buf, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN, 1); hashDjb2Left = 0; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Left, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN - 1, buf - 1, -1); hashesDjb2[hashesDjb2Num] = hashDjb2Left; stringHashMine(hashMineRight, buf, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN, 1); hashMineLeft = 0; stringHashMine(hashMineLeft, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN - 1, buf - 1, -1); hashesMine[hashesDjb2Num] = hashMineLeft; ++hashesDjb2Num; charsRead = 0; if(n > (BUF_NHASH_LEN - HASH_BLOCK_LEN)) { buf = buf_start; compareAll = false; } } } if(compareAll) { char *first = buf_start; char *last = buf_start + (n - 1); while(first < last) { if(*first != *last) return false; ++first; --last; } return true; } stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Right, buf, buf + charsRead, 1); hashDjb2Left = DJB2_INIT_VALUE; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Left, buf + charsRead - 1, buf - 1, -1); stringHashMine(hashMineRight, buf, buf + charsRead, 1); hashMineLeft = 0; stringHashMine(hashMineLeft, buf + charsRead - 1, buf - 1, -1); while(hashesDjb2Num) { stringHashDjb2Decay(hashDjb2Left, HASH_BLOCK_LEN); hashDjb2Left += hashesDjb2[--hashesDjb2Num]; //cerr << "hashDjb2Left " << hashDjb2Left << endl; stringHashMineDecay(hashMineLeft, HASH_BLOCK_LEN); hashMineLeft += hashesMine[hashesDjb2Num] #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; //cerr << "hashMineLeft " << hashMineLeft << endl; } //cerr << "hashDjb2Left " << hashDjb2Left << endl << "hashDjb2Right " << hashDjb2Right << endl; //cerr << "hashMineLeft " << hashMineLeft << endl << "hashMineRight " << hashMineRight << endl; //return true; return ((hashDjb2Left == hashDjb2Right) and (hashMineLeft == hashMineRight)); } void experiment() { io.writeString("--- experiment ---\n\n"); char buf[500]; const char alamakota[] = "alamakota"; if(0) { const char *first = alamakota; const char *last = alamakota + 1; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, first, last, 1); io.writeString("hash(a) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, first+1, last+1, 1); io.writeString("hash(l) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash3, first, last+1, 1); io.writeString("hash(al) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashDjb2Decay(hash4, 1); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64(hash4 + hash2); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, alamakota, alamakota+5, 1); io.writeString("hash(alama) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, alamakota+5, alamakota+9, 1); io.writeString("hash(kota) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash3, alamakota, alamakota+9, 1); io.writeString("hash(alamakota) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashDjb2Decay(hash4, 4); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64(hash4 + hash2); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, alamakota, alamakota+2, 1); io.writeString("hash(al) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, alamakota+1, alamakota+3, 1); io.writeString("hash(la) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); } if(1) { const char abc[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrst"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+2, 1); io.writeString("hash(ab) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashMine(hash2, abc+2, abc+4, 1); io.writeString("hash(cd) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashMine(hash3, abc, abc+4, 1); io.writeString("hash(abcd) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashMineDecay(hash4, 2); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64((hash4 + hash2)%stringHashMineModulo); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(1) { const char abc[] = "abc"; const char cba[] = "abc"; const char cab[] = "cab"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+sizeof(abc), 1); io.writeString("hash(abc) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashMine(hash2, cba, cba+sizeof(cba), 1); io.writeString("hash(cba) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashMine(hash3, cab, cab+sizeof(cab), 1); io.writeString("hash(cab) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { const char abc[] = "abc"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+1, 1); io.writeString("hash( a ) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); for(int i=0; i<50; ++i) { stringHashMineDecay(hash1, 1); io.writeString("hashDec() = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); } } } int main() { bool result = true; unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , charXor = 0 #endif ; io.readUInt(&n); io.skipWC(); const bool nUnknown = (0 == n); //if(n > 2e8) { experiment(); return 0; } else if((n > 0) and (n <= BUF_NALL_LEN)) { result = checkNAll(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } else if(n > 0) { result = checkNHash(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } else { result = checkUnknown(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } #ifdef USE_CHARS result = result && ((nUnknown) ? checkCharsUnknown(n) : checkCharsN(n)); #else //DEBUG(result); //DEBUG(charXor); //DEBUG(n); //cerr << "n jako znak: '" << static_cast<char>(charXor) <<"'" << endl; if(n & 1) { if((charXor < 'a') or (charXor > 'z')) { result = false; } } else { result = result && (0 == charXor); } #endif io.writeString((result) ? "TAK\n" : "NIE\n"); }
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#define TRACE(x) cerr<<"# "#x<<endl; #define DEBUG(x) cerr<<#x<<" = "<<(x)<<endl; typedef unsigned long long ULL; typedef long long LL; const int INF = 0x7FFFFFFF; #define USE_STATIC_MEMORY #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY void* allocateMemory(unsigned size); #endif class IO { #define IO_DEBUG_ENABLED 0 public: IO() { buffer = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUFFER_SIZE)) #endif char[ BUFFER_SIZE ]; bufferOut = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUFFER_SIZE)) #endif char[ BUFFER_SIZE ]; } ~IO() { /* delete [] buffer; */ flush(); } inline void readChar(char * const c) { readIntoBuffer(); *c = buffer[ bufferIndex ]; ++bufferIndex; } void readUInt(unsigned int * const out) { unsigned int res = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = res; } void readULL(unsigned long long * const out) { unsigned long long res = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = res; } void readInt(int * const out) { int res = 0; int neg = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); if(c == '-') { neg = 1; c = '0'; } #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED else if( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { } else { fprintf(stderr, "readInt() ERROR unexpected char '%c' (decimal %d)\n", c, static_cast<int>(c)); } #endif while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = (0 == neg) ? res : -res; } void readLL(long long * const out) { long long res = 0; int neg = 0; char c; skipWC(); readChar(&c); if(c == '-') { neg = 1; c = '0'; } #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED else if( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { } else { fprintf(stderr, "readLL() ERROR unexpected char '%c' (decimal %d)\n", c, static_cast<int>(c)); } #endif while( (c >= '0') && (c <= '9') ) { res *= 10; res += c - '0'; readChar(&c); } *out = (0 == neg) ? res : -res; } void readLine(char * const dst) { char c; char *d = dst; readChar(&c); while(c > 13) { // while((c!=10) && (c!=13) && (c!=0)) *d = c; ++d; readChar(&c); } if(c == 13) { // skip (forget) EOL characters readChar(&c); if(c != 10) { --bufferIndex; // next char after '/r' is not '/n' - it is unexpected but try to accept as valid EOL #if IO_DEBUG_ENABLED fprintf(stderr, __FUNCTION__ "() ERROR unexpected char (ASCII 0x%x) (decimal %d)\n", static_cast<int>(c), static_cast<int>(c)); #endif } } *d = 0; } char* readString(char * const dst) { char c; char *d = dst; skipWC(); readChar(&c); while((c > 13) && (c != ' ')) { // Read only "printable" characters *d = c; ++d; readChar(&c); } *d = 0; return d; } void readString(char * const dst, bool * const isNextCharEOL) { readString(dst); char c = buffer[bufferIndex-1]; if((c != 10) && (c != 13) && (c != 0)) *isNextCharEOL = false; else *isNextCharEOL = true; } inline void flush() { if(bufferOutIndex > 0) { write(1, bufferOut, bufferOutIndex); bufferOutIndex = 0; } } inline void writeChar(char c) { if(bufferOutIndex >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = c; } inline void writeString(const char *str) { for(const char *src = str; *src ;++src) { writeChar(*src); } } inline void writeU32(unsigned x) { char lbuf[10]; if((bufferOutIndex+sizeof(lbuf)) >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } if(x) { unsigned len=0; while(x) { unsigned d = x / 10; lbuf[ ++len ] = '0' + static_cast<char>(x - 10*d); x = d; } while(len) { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = lbuf[ len-- ]; } } else { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = '0'; } } inline void writeU64(ULL x) { char lbuf[20]; if((bufferOutIndex+sizeof(lbuf)) >= BUFFER_SIZE) { flush(); } if(x) { unsigned len=0; while(x) { ULL d = x / 10ULL; lbuf[ ++len ] = '0' + static_cast<char>(x - 10ULL*d); x = d; } while(len) { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = lbuf[ len-- ]; } } else { bufferOut[ bufferOutIndex++ ] = '0'; } } //protected: inline void readIntoBuffer() { if(bufferIndex >= bytesRead) { buffer[0] = 0; // make the first characted white-char => readChar() does not check bytesRead bytesRead = read(0, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); bufferIndex = 0; } } inline void skipWC() { char *cPtr; do { readIntoBuffer(); cPtr = buffer + bufferIndex; while( (bufferIndex < bytesRead) && ((*cPtr == 10) || (*cPtr == ' ') || (*cPtr == 13))) { ++bufferIndex; ++cPtr; } } while((bufferIndex >= bytesRead) && (bytesRead > 0)); } //private: const static unsigned int BUFFER_SIZE = 4 * 1024; char *buffer = nullptr; int bufferIndex = 0; int bytesRead = 0; char *bufferOut = nullptr; unsigned int bufferOutIndex = 0; } static io; const ULL stringHashModulo = (static_cast<ULL>(1e9) + 9); inline void stringHash(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { const unsigned p = 31; const ULL m = stringHashModulo; ULL p_pow = 1; while(first != last) { hash = (hash + (static_cast<ULL>((*first) - 'a') + 1ULL) * p_pow) % m; p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; first += inc; } } //inline void stringHash(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc, ULL &pow) //{ // const unsigned p = 31; // const ULL m = stringHashModulo; // ULL p_pow = 1; // while(first != last) { // hash = (hash + (static_cast<ULL>((*first) - 'a') + 1ULL) * p_pow) % m; // p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; // first += inc; // } // pow = p_pow; //} //inline void stringHashDecay(ULL &hash, ULL p_pow, unsigned d) //{ // const unsigned p = 31; // const ULL m = stringHashModulo; // while(d--) { // hash = (hash + 1ULL * p_pow) % m; // p_pow = (p_pow * p) % m; // } //} inline void stringHashDjb2(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { while(first != last) { hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + static_cast<ULL>(*first); /* hash * 33 + c */ first += inc; } } inline void stringHashDjb2Decay(ULL &hash, unsigned d) { while(d--) { hash = ((hash << 5) + hash); /* hash * 33 + c */ } } const ULL stringHashMineModulo = 1000000007ULL; //#define USE_MINE_MODUL0 inline void stringHashMine(ULL &hash, const char *first, const char *last, int inc) { while(first != last) { hash = ( (29 * hash) + static_cast<ULL>((*first) - ('a'-1)) ) #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; first += inc; } } inline void stringHashMineDecay(ULL &hash, unsigned d) { while(d--) { hash = (29 * hash) #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; } } const ULL DJB2_INIT_VALUE = 5381; #if 1 constexpr unsigned BUF_NALL_LEN = 2000*1000; constexpr unsigned BUF_NHASH_LEN = 1800*1000; constexpr unsigned HASH_BLOCK_LEN = 16*1000; static_assert(BUF_NALL_LEN > BUF_NHASH_LEN, ""); static_assert(BUF_NHASH_LEN > HASH_BLOCK_LEN, ""); static_assert(BUF_NALL_LEN > (BUF_NHASH_LEN + 2*sizeof(ULL)*(2e7 / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1) ), ""); #else constexpr unsigned BUF_NALL_LEN = 4; constexpr unsigned BUF_NHASH_LEN = 1000; constexpr unsigned HASH_BLOCK_LEN = 3; #endif #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY void* allocateMemory(unsigned size) { static char memory_pool[2*1024*1024]; static unsigned pos = 0; void * addr = nullptr; if((pos + size) <= sizeof(memory_pool)) { addr = (memory_pool + pos); pos += (size + ((8 - (size & 0x7)) & 0x7) ); } return addr; static_assert(sizeof(memory_pool) > (1024 + (BUF_NALL_LEN + 2*IO::BUFFER_SIZE)), ""); }; #endif #define USE_CHARS #ifdef USE_CHARS static unsigned chars['z' - 'a' + 1]; inline void addCharUnknown(const char c) { chars[c - 'a'] ^= 1; } bool checkCharsUnknown(const unsigned n) { unsigned sum = 0; for(unsigned i=0; i<(sizeof(chars)/sizeof(chars[0])); ++i) { sum += chars[i]; } return ((n & 1) == sum); } inline void addCharN(const char c) { ++(chars[c - 'a']); //cerr << __FUNCTION__ << "('" << c << "') = " << chars[c - 'a'] << endl; } inline void subCharN(const char c) { --(chars[c - 'a']); //cerr << __FUNCTION__ << "('" << c << "') = " << chars[c - 'a'] << endl; } bool checkCharsN(const unsigned n) { unsigned sum = 0; for(unsigned i=0; i<(sizeof(chars)/sizeof(chars[0])); ++i) { sum |= chars[i]; } //cerr << "checkChars: sum " << sum << " n " << n << " n&1 " << (n&1) << "\n"; return (0 == sum); // omited middle char in addCharN() } #endif bool checkNAll(const unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { char *const buf = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NALL_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NALL_LEN]; char c; for(unsigned i=0; i<n; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS //notNeeded if((2*i) < n) addCharN(c); else subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[i] = c; } #ifdef USE_CHARS //notNeeded if(n & 1) { subCharN(buf[n>>1]); } #endif char *first = buf; char *last = buf + (n - 1); while(first < last) { if(*first != *last) return false; ++first; --last; } return true; } bool checkNHash(const unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { const unsigned n_div_2 = n>>1; const unsigned hashesNum = (n_div_2 / HASH_BLOCK_LEN); ULL *hashes = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*hashesNum)) #endif ULL[hashesNum]; ULL *hashesDjb2 = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*hashesNum)) #endif ULL[hashesNum]; char * const buf = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NHASH_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NHASH_LEN]; char c; // prefix const unsigned prefixLen = n_div_2 - hashesNum*HASH_BLOCK_LEN; for(unsigned i=0; i<prefixLen; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[i] = c; } // first half hashes char *last = buf + BUF_NHASH_LEN; char *first = last - HASH_BLOCK_LEN; for(unsigned h=0; h<hashesNum; ++h) { for(unsigned i=0; i<HASH_BLOCK_LEN; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif first[i] = c; } ULL hash = 0; stringHash(hash, first, last, 1); hashes[h] = hash; ULL hashDjb2 = 5381; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2, first, last, 1); hashesDjb2[h] = hashDjb2; } if(n & 1) { // skip middle char io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS //addChar(c); //skip middle char in N is known #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif } // second half hashes for(unsigned h=0; h<hashesNum; ++h) { for(unsigned i=0; i<HASH_BLOCK_LEN; ++i) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif first[i] = c; } ULL hash = 0; stringHash(hash, last-1, first-1, -1); ULL hashDjb2 = 5381; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2, last-1, first-1, -1); if((hashes[hashesNum - h - 1] != hash) or (hashesDjb2[hashesNum - h - 1] != hashDjb2)) { return false; } } // check last with prefix for(unsigned i=prefixLen; i;) { io.readChar(&c); #ifdef USE_CHARS subCharN(c); #else *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif if(buf[--i] != c) { return false; } } return true; } bool checkUnknown(unsigned &n #ifndef USE_CHARS , unsigned * const charXor #endif ) { ULL *hashesDjb2 = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*(static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1))) #endif ULL[static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1]; ULL *hashesMine = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(sizeof(ULL)*(static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1))) #endif ULL[static_cast<unsigned>(2e7) / HASH_BLOCK_LEN + 1]; char * const buf_start = new #ifdef USE_STATIC_MEMORY (allocateMemory(BUF_NHASH_LEN)) #endif char[BUF_NHASH_LEN]; char c; bool compareAll = true; unsigned charsRead = 0; unsigned hashesDjb2Num = 0; ULL hashDjb2Left, hashDjb2Right = DJB2_INIT_VALUE; ULL hashMineLeft, hashMineRight = 0; char *buf = buf_start; for(n = 0;;) { io.readChar(&c); if((c < 'a') or (c > 'z')) break; #ifdef USE_CHARS addCharUnknown(c); #else //cerr << "xoruje '" << c << "'\n"; *charXor ^= static_cast<unsigned>(c); #endif buf[charsRead] = c; ++n; if(++charsRead >= HASH_BLOCK_LEN) { stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Right, buf, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN, 1); hashDjb2Left = 0; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Left, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN - 1, buf - 1, -1); hashesDjb2[hashesDjb2Num] = hashDjb2Left; stringHashMine(hashMineRight, buf, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN, 1); hashMineLeft = 0; stringHashMine(hashMineLeft, buf + HASH_BLOCK_LEN - 1, buf - 1, -1); hashesMine[hashesDjb2Num] = hashMineLeft; ++hashesDjb2Num; charsRead = 0; if(n > (BUF_NHASH_LEN - HASH_BLOCK_LEN)) { buf = buf_start; compareAll = false; } } } if(compareAll) { char *first = buf_start; char *last = buf_start + (n - 1); while(first < last) { if(*first != *last) return false; ++first; --last; } return true; } stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Right, buf, buf + charsRead, 1); hashDjb2Left = DJB2_INIT_VALUE; stringHashDjb2(hashDjb2Left, buf + charsRead - 1, buf - 1, -1); stringHashMine(hashMineRight, buf, buf + charsRead, 1); hashMineLeft = 0; stringHashMine(hashMineLeft, buf + charsRead - 1, buf - 1, -1); while(hashesDjb2Num) { stringHashDjb2Decay(hashDjb2Left, HASH_BLOCK_LEN); hashDjb2Left += hashesDjb2[--hashesDjb2Num]; //cerr << "hashDjb2Left " << hashDjb2Left << endl; stringHashMineDecay(hashMineLeft, HASH_BLOCK_LEN); hashMineLeft += hashesMine[hashesDjb2Num] #ifdef USE_MINE_MODUL0 % stringHashMineModulo #endif ; //cerr << "hashMineLeft " << hashMineLeft << endl; } //cerr << "hashDjb2Left " << hashDjb2Left << endl << "hashDjb2Right " << hashDjb2Right << endl; //cerr << "hashMineLeft " << hashMineLeft << endl << "hashMineRight " << hashMineRight << endl; //return true; return ((hashDjb2Left == hashDjb2Right) and (hashMineLeft == hashMineRight)); } void experiment() { io.writeString("--- experiment ---\n\n"); char buf[500]; const char alamakota[] = "alamakota"; if(0) { const char *first = alamakota; const char *last = alamakota + 1; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, first, last, 1); io.writeString("hash(a) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, first+1, last+1, 1); io.writeString("hash(l) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash3, first, last+1, 1); io.writeString("hash(al) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashDjb2Decay(hash4, 1); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64(hash4 + hash2); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, alamakota, alamakota+5, 1); io.writeString("hash(alama) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, alamakota+5, alamakota+9, 1); io.writeString("hash(kota) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash3, alamakota, alamakota+9, 1); io.writeString("hash(alamakota) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashDjb2Decay(hash4, 4); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64(hash4 + hash2); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash1, alamakota, alamakota+2, 1); io.writeString("hash(al) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashDjb2(hash2, alamakota+1, alamakota+3, 1); io.writeString("hash(la) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); } if(1) { const char abc[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrst"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+2, 1); io.writeString("hash(ab) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashMine(hash2, abc+2, abc+4, 1); io.writeString("hash(cd) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashMine(hash3, abc, abc+4, 1); io.writeString("hash(abcd) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash4 = hash1; stringHashMineDecay(hash4, 2); io.writeString("hash4 = "); io.writeU64(hash4); io.writeString(" hash(+) = "); io.writeU64((hash4 + hash2)%stringHashMineModulo); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(1) { const char abc[] = "abc"; const char cba[] = "abc"; const char cab[] = "cab"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+sizeof(abc), 1); io.writeString("hash(abc) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash2 = 0; stringHashMine(hash2, cba, cba+sizeof(cba), 1); io.writeString("hash(cba) = "); io.writeU64(hash2); io.writeString("\n"); ULL hash3 = 0; stringHashMine(hash3, cab, cab+sizeof(cab), 1); io.writeString("hash(cab) = "); io.writeU64(hash3); io.writeString("\n\n"); } if(0) { const char abc[] = "abc"; ULL hash1 = 0; stringHashMine(hash1, abc, abc+1, 1); io.writeString("hash( a ) = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); for(int i=0; i<50; ++i) { stringHashMineDecay(hash1, 1); io.writeString("hashDec() = "); io.writeU64(hash1); io.writeString("\n"); } } } int main() { bool result = true; unsigned n #ifndef USE_CHARS , charXor = 0 #endif ; io.readUInt(&n); io.skipWC(); const bool nUnknown = (0 == n); //if(n > 2e8) { experiment(); return 0; } else if((n > 0) and (n <= BUF_NALL_LEN)) { result = checkNAll(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } else if(n > 0) { result = checkNHash(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } else { result = checkUnknown(n #ifndef USE_CHARS , &charXor #endif ); } #ifdef USE_CHARS result = result && ((nUnknown) ? checkCharsUnknown(n) : checkCharsN(n)); #else //DEBUG(result); //DEBUG(charXor); //DEBUG(n); //cerr << "n jako znak: '" << static_cast<char>(charXor) <<"'" << endl; if(n & 1) { if((charXor < 'a') or (charXor > 'z')) { result = false; } } else { result = result && (0 == charXor); } #endif io.writeString((result) ? "TAK\n" : "NIE\n"); } |